Steps taken by all the countries to reduce global warming?

Yes, the steps are :

1. Reduce, Reuse, Recycle

Do your part to reduce waste by choosing reusable products instead of disposables. Buying products with minimal packaging (including the economy size when that makes sense for you) will help to reduce waste. And whenever you can, recycle paper, plastic, newspaper, glass and aluminum cans. If there isn't a recycling program at your workplace, school, or in your community, ask about starting one. By recycling half of your househ

2. Use Less Heat and Air Conditioning

Adding insulation to your walls and attic, and installing weather stripping or caulking around doors and windows can lower your heating costs more than 25 percent, by reducing the amount of energy you need to heat and cool your home.

Turn down the heat while you're sleeping at night or away during the day, and keep temperatures moderate at all times. Setting your thermostat just 2 degrees lower in winter and higher in summer could save about 2,000 pounds of carbon dioxide each year.

3. Drive Less and Drive Smart

Less driving means fewer emissions. Besides saving gasoline, walking and biking are great forms of exercise. Explore your community mass transit system, and check out options for carpooling to work or school.

When you do drive, make sure your car is running efficiently. For example, keeping your tires properly inflated can improve your gas mileage by more than 3 percent. Every gallon of gas you save not only helps your budget, it also keeps 20 pounds of carbon dioxide out of the atmosphere.

5. Buy Energy-Efficient Products

When it's time to buy a new car, choose one that offers good gas mileage. Home appliances now come in a range of energy-efficient models, and compact florescent bulbs are designed to provide more natural-looking light while using far less energy than standard light bulbs.

Avoid products that come with excess packaging, especially molded plastic and other packaging that can't be recycled. If you reduce your household garbage by 10 percent, you can save 1,200 pounds of carbon dioxide annually.

6. Use Less Hot Water

Set your water heater at 120 degrees to save energy, and wrap it in an insulating blanket if it is more than 5 years old. Buy low-flow showerheads to save hot water and about 350 pounds of carbon dioxide yearly. Wash your clothes in warm or cold water to reduce your use of hot water and the energy required to produce it. That change alone can save at least 500 pounds of carbon dioxide annually in most households. Use the energy-saving settings on your dishwasher and let the dishes air-dry.

Urban 'green' spaces may contribute to global warming

Dispelling the notion that urban "green" spaces help counteract greenhouse gas emissions, new research has found -- in Southern California at least -- that total emissions would be lower if lawns did not exist.

Global warming increases flood risk in mountain areas

The world's mountainous regions are home to about 800 million people and the source of some of the world's major rivers. In these regions, runoff is strongly affected by temperature. This suggests that flooding could be quite sensitive to global warming, but there has been some lack of scientific consensus on the effects of temperature variations on floods.

The Future of Extinction of Plants and Wildlife

The last mass extinction of plant and animal species occurred 65 million years ago with the Dinosaurs. In all, five mass extinctions have occurred and scientists believe earth is in the sixth mass extinction. The author of the book “The Sixth Extinction”, Dr. Leakey states that 50% of the earth’s species will vanish within 100 years. The world as it is now is threatened, including people, who are responsible for earth’s deterioration.

The Damaged Earth
Pesticides contaminate water; overharvesting of animals and plants; air pollution; illegal fishing and the clearing of land are direct results of urbanization and deforestation. People have altered and/or damaged almost half of earth’s land, a very unsustainable rate.
Global warming is having a serious impact as well. A six-degree Celsius increase in global temperature killed 95% of all species on Earth 251 million years ago. An increase of six-degrees Celsius is forecast this century if a change is not made to reverse the damage done to earth. Home sapiens (people) will be one of the 95% of species lost. Noticeable changes of global warming include migration acceleration and the timing of seasons is changing. Migrating birds are migrating earlier, which in turn is causing them to hatch eggs and bear young earlier than they did at the beginning of this century.

Considerations
While this is just the tip of the iceberg, many, many issues need addressing regarding the extinction of plant and animal species. It is more important now than ever before to pull heads out of the sand and make a change for the better to earth. Future generations are threatened, as they are a species as well. This is a much bigger problem than just deciding to recycle plastic, as many believe. If you want to leave a legacy to your future generations, get involved in a program to save the planet. Whether it is on a personal level or a global level, find out what areas need help and what you can do to help.

Global warming forecast upto year 2100

The sun driven "Plant Kingdom" (named by Linné ~1750) is the governor of the planet from a mass balance point of view. The atmosphere is selectively desucked on its CO2 during photosynthesis in an amount corresponding to 120 Gt C fixed annually into global biomass. The total amount of atmospheric natural C during the 1850:ies was ~460 Gt C corresponding to 280 ppm atmospheric CO2. During last 150 years man has, however, added ~366 Gt C of fossil origin to the atmosphere by combustion of fossil C from several sources originally accumulated by "fossil photosynthesis". However, about 250 Gt of this fossil C amount has been absorbed by the ocean and the land area in high pH areas in a slow process. In 2009 annually further 9 Gt C of fossil origin is added to the 110 Gt C already present in the atmosphere after 150 years of fossil C burning. The CO2 content in the atmosphere is therefore today 390 ppm and is now increasing some ppm annually in a most dangerous way. Therefore it seems that each decade ahead at least ~100 Gt of fossil C will be added to the atmosphere due to antropogenic activities and political "laissez-fair" attitudes. Even with the current attitudes shown from e g current EU-leaders the total amount of fossil C in the atmosphere to be sequestered during 2030 - 2100 may be of the size 350 - 500 Gt C if a global heat shock is to be counterbalanced.

This is still possible and is rightly stressed by e g Azar et al 2001. This current observed carbon C fraction of fossil origin present in the atmosphere is the "driving force" or causal agent behind current observed global warmng and its future dynamics still to a high extent determined by man stoechiometrically( e g the energy and atom regrouping changes observed during the combustion or photosynthesis process) and politically. If we don´t "precipitate" the fossil C fraction present in the atmosphere by intensified photosynthesis followed by sequestering (=long term stable storage during 50 - 100 years) this will cause now observed initial phases of an accelerating global warming to easily turn into a cataclysmic global heat shock within perhaps just a few (3 - 4) decades after the global temperature has passed ~2°C over the natural global temperature average and we can not further control. Currently it is, however, controllable if manking act stoechiometrically adequate during a few decades further with start immediately - not in 2050. The current approaching global warming process is to at least 95% caused by antropogenic activities. Hadley Met Office, UK has publiched a series of detailed scenarious what is to be expected up till 2050 (Cox et al, Nature 2000). Peter Cox conclude that during a heat shock e g UK will thereby get a climate now known from northern Africa. This state will probably be observed for some hundred years.

Climatologists say that the final temperatures during a global heat shock are expected to be ~20°C warmer on average on Planet Earth than today. Climatologists also stress , however, that periodically and regionally this means temperatures on all parts of the planet up to ~40°C warmer than today. During these periods essentially all landlife will be killed. From the paleontologists we know of at least two major such heat shocks 55 and 251 million years ago. At these events up to 95% of also sea life was suddenly killed and forced evolution into brand new directions. The Hadley Meteorological Center (UK) climate modeling shows we have now in 2009 perhaps about 6 years to find a solution and a program plan, but within 30 years the final payback from the fossil era must have been done, Cox say, if we want to stop these cataclysmic scenarios (Prof Peter Cox, Hadley Center in BBC "Planet Earth" series with David Attenborrough narrator on 60 minutes about "Global Dimming", 2005 ).

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Arguments against global warming

Arguments against global warming

Here we take a look at the arguments against global warming:

• It is argued that global warming is a minor issue because of which major issues like HIV/AIDS, Nuclear proliferation and poverty are not devoted their deserved time and resources.
• Vested interest of scientists. It is argued that scientists exaggerate the effects of global warming because they receive funds from environmental companies.
• Unreliability of computer climate models. It is argued that these models are not able to predict tomorrow’s weather. So how can they predict long-term climate change?
• There are other factors involved in global warming. It is argued that human activities are not the only cause of global warming.
• Newspapers sensationalize global warming in order to sell. It is argued that newspapers distort the picture of global warming when actually that is not the case.
• Scientists have made wrong predictions before. It is argued that science and scientists are not always right. Perhaps they have made an error in their calculations or drawn incorrect conclusions on available evidence.
• The science of global warming is not proved. It is argued that we don’t have long term historical records of weather.
• Water vapor plays a major part in global warming. It is argued that man made emissions like carbon dioxide has only minor effects.
• The global warming is a natural phenomenon. Man has no role to play in it. Only our environment is responsible.
• The temperature increase is very small especially when it is spread over a century.
• The earth was warmer before. That did not have harmful consequences on humans.
• The increase in temperature will help plants grow in currently cold and uninhabitable areas.
• The increase in the level of carbon dioxide will stimulate plant growth.
• Steps to limit global warming will decrease economic growth and hurt the poor.
• People in fossil fuel industries will lose their jobs.
• Climate change has been more rapid in the past.
• Rise in carbon dioxide levels has always come after a temperature change and not before.
• The upsurge in solar activity in the sun has caused global warming.

One realizes that most of the arguments against global warming are factually incorrect or far fetched. People advocating these arguments have a vested interest in activities and industries that contribute to global warming. Unfortunately they are able to sway a section of the population that global warming is not a serious issue. Earnest efforts must be taken to dispel these myths and make the earth a better place to live in.